Virtual Music: Computer Synthesis of Musical Style

Front Cover
MIT Press, Jan 30, 2004 - Computers - 580 pages
Virtual Music is about artificial creativity. Focusing on the author's Experiments in Musical Intelligence computer music composing program, the author and a distinguished group of experts discuss many of the issues surrounding the program, including artificial intelligence, music cognition, and aesthetics.

The book is divided into four parts. The first part provides a historical background to Experiments in Musical Intelligence, including examples of historical antecedents, followed by an overview of the program by Douglas Hofstadter. The second part follows the composition of an Experiments in Musical Intelligence work, from the creation of a database to the completion of a new work in the style of Mozart. It includes, in sophisticated lay terms, relatively detailed explanations of how each step in the process contributes to the final composition. The third part consists of perspectives and analyses by Jonathan Berger, Daniel Dennett, Bernard Greenberg, Douglas R. Hofstadter, Steve Larson, and Eleanor Selfridge-Field. The fourth part presents the author's responses to these commentaries, as well as his thoughts on the implications of artificial creativity.

The book (and corresponding Web site) includes an appendix providing extended musical examples referred to and discussed in the book, including composers such as Scarlatti, Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, Chopin, Puccini, Rachmaninoff, Prokofiev, Debussy, Bartok, and others. It is also accompanied by a CD containing performances of the music in the text.

 

Contents

Preface
vii
The CD
xi
FUNDAMENTALS
1
Virtual Music
3
Staring Emmy Straight in the EyeAnd Doing My Best Not to Flinch
13
Response to Hofstadter
63
Composing StyleSpecific Music
73
The Importance of Patterns
89
Experiments in Musical Intelligence and Bach
195
Dear Emmy A Counterpoint Teachers Thoughts on the Experiments in Musical Intelligence Programs TwoPart Inventions
211
Who Cares if It Listens? An Essay on Creativity Expectations and Computational Modeling of Listening to Music
237
Collision Detection Muselot and Scribble Some Reflections on Creativity
257
A Few Standard Questions and Answers
267
RESPONSE AND PERSPECTIVES
281
Response to Commentaries
283
Perspectives and the Future
297

Structure
103
PROCESSES AND OUTPUT
115
Databases
117
Analysis
121
Themes and Variations
127
Interface
151
COMMENTARY
159
Composition Combinatorics and Simulation A Historical and Philosophical Enquiry
161
Bibliography
321
Mozart Databases
329
An Experiment in Musical Intellegence Mozart Movement
353
An Experiment in Musical Intelligence Mozart Reject
359
Virtual Music
365
The Game Key
533
Index
535
Copyright

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About the author (2004)

David Cope is a composer and Professor of Music at the University of California, Santa Cruz. He is the author of Virtual Music: Computer Synthesis of Musical Style (MIT Press, 2004).

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